中国大陆黑碳气溶胶排放清单.pdf

Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2006, 2 6 259-264.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullO.null.nullS.nullOMMS.null NN.null ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCHVol.2, No.6November, 2006.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullblack carbon, BC.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./0“12.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-..null1J4.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “1673-1719 2006 06-0259-06.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn I.nullnonmarkingreturn I.nullnonmarkingreturn I.nullnonmarkingreturn I.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *nonmarkingreturn,I.nullnonmarkingreturnNMMMUN.null.nullnonmarkingreturn .null2006J09J11.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “2006J10J09.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null2006CB403700.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullCCSF2006-2.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.null200444502002-013.null.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .null.nullnonmarkingreturn .null1969J.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn ““ KE-mail Inventory of Black Carbon Emission from China.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .null.null1.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null5.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.null6J7.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null8J9.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.null.nullnonmarkingreturn 1µm.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null4.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “nonmarkingreturn *.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ “*“,-./0*123245.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullIPCC.null.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullIPCC 1995.nullnonmarkingreturn “ 1997.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullIPCC1996.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *2000.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullIPCC 2000.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./0.nullnonmarkingreturn 2003.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullIPCC.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-nullnonmarkingreturn .nullIPCC 2006.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturnIPCC.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-..nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./012./.nullCDM.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null2006.null11.null13.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “80.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn 408.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullCER.null.null1829.nulltCO2.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “2012.nullnonmarkingreturn CER.nullnonmarkingreturn6.8 .nullt CO2.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ CDM.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .null.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “2000.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null.nullnonmarkingreturn.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-0.2.null.null0.2.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ 149.94.nullt.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./0123456.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ nonmarkingreturn *.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *1.nullnonmarkingreturn12.nullnonmarkingreturn “7.nullnonmarkingreturn8.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ * “,-..nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “P467/X513.nullnonmarkingreturn “AAdv. 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Change Res., 2006, 2 6 259-264.nullnonmarkingreturn “260 OMMS.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “3.null7 d.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.null1J2I10.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ nonmarkingreturn*,-./0.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ “.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn.null2I11J13.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn 10 a.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .null.null1I11J15.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn .null“.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn 1.null.null1.null.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “nonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./0.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn1980J1990.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ N.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “2000.nullnonmarkingreturnNKN.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “F.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.null.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “363.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn.null16J17.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-..nullnonmarkingreturn “nonmarkingreturn nonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn GDP.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./0123.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn .null18J21.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.null22.null.nullNKO.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn.null “.nullnonmarkingreturn *.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./01.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .null23J24.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullPM.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .null*,.nullnonmarkingreturn .null2I11J13I15.null.null.null1.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-Chen et al..null25.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ * ,.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn.null26.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .null27.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./.nullnonmarkingreturnPenner et al..null28.null.nullCooke et al..null2.null.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullStreets et al..null14.null.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./.null.nullnonmarkingreturn.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.null11I13I25.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./0123.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null12J13I15I24I26.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn Andreae et al..null29.null.nullnonmarkingreturn O.nullnonmarkingreturn “OKN.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *2000.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./.null2.null.null3.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “149.94.nullt.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullGIS.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn1.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “1.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2006, 2 6 259-264.nullnonmarkingreturn W.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *S.null .null1.nullnonmarkingreturn “g / kgTable 1 Emission factors used in this work g / kg.null22000.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturnt.nullTable 2 Provincial/municipal inventories of BC emissions in 2000 104t.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn 0.120.080.860.240.430.390.710.890.050.760.290.370.210.191.360.81.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn0.380.270.320.170.040.150.450.110.120.000.180.120.020.050.1810.320.010.020.070.040.040.040.020.030.030.080.040.020.010.010.080.050.020.020.050.010.000.010.010.020.010.000.020.010.000.010.010.790.090.070.210.100.070.120.070.080.060.120.100.070.060.050.200.170.080.080.300.050.010.030.110.050.110.010.060.040.020.020.072.680.710.554.233.770.502.141.150.961.453.673.732.690.811.384.394.232.713.032.281.770.090.763.520.560.840.001.650.610.030.040.1454.390.760.727.167.411.552.982.243.140.053.111.553.300.472.185.746.633.394.551.841.880.762.174.434.172.300.002.432.010.470.441.9381.761.691.4412.5311.562.595.674.195.101.647.745.716.451.563.8111.7711.896.587.954.793.880.903.128.524.913.380.014.342.790.540.562.33149.94.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “0.32 [15], 1.11.58 [11]0.070.36 [15], 0.15 [13]1.0 [15], 0.59 [29]0.0030.32 [15], 0.0095 [30]0.250.36 [15], 0.15 [13]0.73 [15], 0.69 [29], 0.47 [31]0.56 [29], 0.98 [31]0.48 [29]1.0 [15], 2 [11], 1.3 [24], 0.29 [30], 0.110.87 [26]0.08 [15],0.03 [11],0.035 [24],0.07 [30],0.0060.03 [26]0.86 [1],0.5 [23,32],1.0 [13],0.52 [27]1.2 [1], 0.8 [23,32], 0.52 [27]0.96 [1], 0.75 [23,32], 0.78 [27]0.82 [27]1.0 [15], 0.59 [29], 0.78 [23,32]1.0 [15], 0.59 [29], 0.41 [31]0.123.7 [15], 1.584.1 [11], 1.83 [30], 5 [13], 0.28 [25]0.360.7 [15].null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn .null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn.null.null1.580.260.80.010.260.640.770.481.10.0490.520.520.780.820.660.70.280.53.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “262 OMMS.nullAdv. Clim. Change Res., 2006, 2 6 259-.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./0.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “GDP.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .null33.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn1.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,- .,- .null.null[10 kg/km2.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *nonmarkingreturn .nullY10 kg/km2.nullnonmarkingreturnOKO.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn*nonmarkingreturn,-.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn 54.39.nullt.nullnonmarkingreturn3.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “36.3.null.null.null32000.nullnonmarkingreturn ““.nullnonmarkingreturnt.nullTable 3 Summary of BC emission estimates from fuel typesin sectors 104t.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null,-./012.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn * ,-.null37.47.nullt.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .null13.74.nullt.nullOKP.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn67.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturnOOB.nullnonmarkingreturn .null16.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ nonmarkingreturn“*.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn0.79.nullt.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “0.5.nullOKQ.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn 76.null80.nu