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Step-by-step Guidelines for Establishing a National Framework for Climate Services WMO-No. 1206 WEATHER CLIMATE WATERStep-by-step Guidelines for Establishing a National Framework for Climate Services WMO-No. 1206WMO-No. 1206 © World Meteorological Organization, 2018 The right of publication in print, electronic and any other and in any language is reserved by WMO. Short extracts from WMO publications may be reproduced without authorization, provided that the complete source is clearly indicated. Editorial correspondence and requests to publish, reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole should be addressed to Chairperson, Publications Board World Meteorological Organization WMO 7 bis, avenue de la Paix Tel. 41 0 22 730 84 03 P.O. Box 2300 Fax 41 0 22 730 80 40 CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland E-mail publicationswmo.int ISBN 978-92-63-11206-4 NOTE The designations employed in WMO publications and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WMO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WMO in preference to others of a similar nature which are not mentioned or advertised. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in WMO publications with named authors are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of WMO or its Members. EDITORIAL NOTE METEOTERM, the WMO terminology database, may be consulted at http//www.wmo.int/pages/prog/ lsp/meteoterm_wmo_en.html. CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. BACKGROUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2.1 What are climate services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2.1.1 Precept of co-production with users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.1.2 Guidelines for providing climate services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.1.3 Support to climate-smart decisions and their applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1.4 Examples of user-tailored climate services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.2 What is the Global Framework for Climate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2.1 Goals of the Global Framework for Climate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2.2 Guiding principles of the Global Framework for Climate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2.3 Role of the Global Framework for Climate Services and its component pillars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2.4 Implementing the Global Framework for Climate Services pillars at the national level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.3 What is a National Framework for Climate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3.1 Lessons learned from initial implementation projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.3.2 Functions of a National Framework for Climate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.3.3 National Framework for Climate Services Interministerial Steering Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3. ESTABLISHING A NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR CLIMATE SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.1 Step 1 Assessing the baseline on climate services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.1.1 Key stakeholders in climate services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3.1.2 Analysis of current user interface plats, climate services and gaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.2 Step 2 Organizing a national stakeholder consultation workshop on climate services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.2.1 Objectives of the national consultation workshop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.2.2 Running the national consultation workshop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.3 Step 3 Developing a national strategic plan and action plan for the National Framework for Climate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.4 Step 4 Endorsing the national strategic plan and action plan for the National Framework for Climate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.4.1 Pre-validation and final validation workshops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.4.2 Resource mobilization to support activities of the National Framework for Climate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.5 Step 5 Launching a National Framework for Climate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4. CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 APPENDIX. STRATEGIC PLANNING TEMPLATE FOR USE BY A NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR CLIMATE SERVICES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 ANNEX 1. QUESTIONNAIRE FOR BASELINE ASSESSMENT OF COUNTRY CAPACITIES TO DELIVER AND USE CLIMATE SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 ANNEX 2. GUIDE FOR MAPPING STAKEHOLDERS TO INVITE TO NATIONAL CONSULTATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 ANNEX 3. EXAMPLE OF A USER INTERFACE PLAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 ANNEX 4. SAMPLE PROGRAMME FOR A NATIONAL CONSULTATION WORKSHOP ON CLIMATE SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Pageiv CONTENTS ANNEX 5. EXAMPLE OF A NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR CLIMATE SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 ANNEX 6. EXAMPLES OF GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES ADOPTED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 ANNEX 7. SAMPLE TEMPLATE FOR A NATIONAL DECREE TO ESTABLISH A NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR CLIMATE SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511. INTRODUCTION This publication is intended to assist National Meteorological and Hydrological Services NMHSs and their partner institutions at a national level, engaged under the five pillars of the Global Framework for Climate Services GFCS, to establish a National Framework for Climate Services NFCS. Such a national framework aims to coordinate institutions and enable them to work together to co-design, co-produce, communicate, deliver and use climate services for decision-making in climate-sensitive socioeconomic sectors. NMHSs and other national institutions can use these guidelines in their entirety, adapt them to unique circumstances in their countries or use only the parts that they find useful. Following this introductory chapter, Chapter 2 presents the background to climate services and GFCS, and also some details on an NFCS including lessons learned from global experiences in setting one up. Chapter 3 presents the five steps required to establish an NFCS, and Chapter 4 gives some conclusions. A strategic planning template for use by an NFCS is given in the appendix, and then the anns provide other additional ination. Key points are provided so that readers can see important points at a glance. This document explains how to initiate and develop a functional NFCS that will serve as a key coordination mechanism to bring together the local, national, regional and global stakeholders needed for successful generation and delivery of co-designed and co-produced climate services with and for users, effectively linking climate knowledge with action on the ground at national and local levels. It is envisaged that the outcome of the five steps discussed in Chapter 3 will be a cohesive and coordinated NFCS that ensures the widespread generation and use, at a large scale, of climate services to enhance the resilience of society and spur growth in the productive sectors of socioeconomic development that are sensitive to climate variability and change. The development and delivery of climate services at the national level requires significant interaction among providers, researchers and users of climate services, including governments, civil society, communities, the private sector, technical partners and donors. These interactions must involve decision-makers, policymakers, local users, climate scientists and sector experts. It is hoped that this publication will promote the strong partnerships at the national level that are needed for successful provision of climate services that in climate-sensitive decision-making, and effectively contribute to sustainable development and resilience-building of communities and economies. 2. BACKGROUND 2.1 What are climate services The High-level Taskforce for GFCS defined climate services as “Climate ination prepared and delivered to meet users’ needs” WMO, 2011. Climate services are also considered as a process of providing climate ination in a way that assists decision-making by individuals and organizations. 1The establishment of GFCS involved Key point It is important for readers to provide feedback on these guidelines to the GFCS Secretariat gfcswmo.int so that successes can be showcased and guidance based on common experiences improved. ________ 1 http//www.wmo.int/gfcs/what_are_climate_weather_services.STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHING A NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR CLIMATE SERVICES 2 WMO working with other relevant United Nations organizations acting as one on climate knowledge. 2This indicates co-production of climate products for various users. 2.1.1 Precept of co-production with users One core precept of GFCS is co-production of climate services with users. Co-production is intended to trans climate data into ination and then into client-tailored climate services, including relevant forecast-based advisory services and decision-making tools that the client can make use of. This necessitates a process of partnership-building, iterative dialogue and feedback among providers and users of climate services. Effective interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral collaboration is also an important prerequisite for the transation of climate data and ination into climate services, blending climate knowledge with sector-specific knowledge. At its core, this approach postulates that climate ination is not a climate service. To create a climate service – which, by definition, has to respond to a climate need – user engagement, iterative dialogue to understand and address client needs, and testing and refinement of the product based on client feedback, are compulsory. Two examples of how climate ination can be tailored into user-driven products are given in the following a When an agricultural expert within a department of agriculture, or researcher at a national agricultural research institute, receives a rainfall forecast bulletin for the next 3 months climate ination, they will be able to overlay this piece of ination with their knowledge base on the state of the growing season for farmers in a given region of the country, including stages of plant phenology and multiple other agricultural parameters sector-specific knowledge, to produce a tailored rural advisory based on the received climate ination – an “agromet advisory” climate service. b Similarly, when a public health planner at a national department of health receives ination on expected amounts of rainfall forecast and associated temperatures for the season climate ination, they will overlay this ination with national health datasets on disease epidemiology per locality for that particular season sector-specific knowledge. This will help to determine whether the season is likely to be prone to an epidemic breakout of a vector-borne disease for example, malaria, meningitis, typhoid or Rift Valley fever and produce a climate and “health advisory” the climate service for distribution through public communication channels. The effective delivery of user-tailored climate services can only be realized through strong partnerships among NMHSs and user groups, including sectoral experts, government agencies, private sector and academia. This will help in the interpreting, tailoring, processing and applying of climate ination and advisory services for decision-making, for sustainable development, and also for the improvement of climate ination products, predictions and outlooks. The processing of received climate, weather and water forecast ination to jointly produce, among providers and users, a relevant climate service is defined as co-production. 2.1.2 Guidelines for providing climate services The following are the three fundamental guidelines for providing climate services a Know the user and understand what is needed Understand the climatic elements that are relevant to the user; how the user wishes to receive ination; how the user is likely to interpret the ination; for what purpose the ination will be used; the decision process of the user; and how the ination might improve the decision-making processes. ________ 2 http//www.unsystem.org/content/un-system-delivering-one-climate-change.STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHING A NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR CLIMATE SERVICES 3 b Make the ination service simple, accessible and timely Provide products that can be understood and readily applied by the user, along with easy access to follow-up professional advice. c Ensure quality Provide products that have been developed with skill and with an understanding of possible applications and analytical techniques, complete with proper documentation and backed by thorough knowledge of up-to-date data availability and characteristics. 2.1.3 Support to climate-smart decisions and their applications Effective climate services will facilitate climate-sma
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