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Qtum,DefiningtheBlockchainEconomyPage2of33Qtum,DefiningtheBlockchainEconomyPage3of33ContentAbstract........................................................................................................................................................41. DesignConceptoftheQtumBlockchain............................................................................................51.1TheBackgroundandSignificanceofBlockchain......................................................................51.2WhyDoWeDesigntheQtumBlockchain.................................................................................51.3TheQtumBlockchainDesignPrinciples...................................................................................61.4VisionoftheQtumBlockchain...................................................................................................62. TechnicalCharacteristicsoftheQtumBlockchain...........................................................................82.1IntroductiontotheQtumBlockchain........................................................................................82.2TechnicalModeloftheQtumBlockchain.................................................................................83. GovernanceStructureoftheQtumBlockchain...............................................................................113.1EstablishmentoftheFoundation..............................................................................................113.2GovernanceStructureoftheFoundation................................................................................113.3TheQtumTeam..........................................................................................................................153.4HumanResourceManagementoftheFoundation...............................................................163.5RiskAssessmentandDecision-makingMechanismsoftheFoundation...........................173.6DailyOperationMechanismsoftheFoundation...................................................................183.7FinancialManagementoftheFoundation.............................................................................203.8OtherMattersandLegalAffairs..............................................................................................244. TheImplementationandIterationsofQtum..................................................................................254.1TheQtumBlockchainImplementationTimetable................................................................254.2TheQtumBlockchainCrowdsalePlan....................................................................................264.3FutureIterationPlanoftheQtumBlockchain......................................................................265. TheQtumBlockchainApplications...................................................................................................275.1DecentralizedApplications（ DApp） ......................................................................................275.2IndustryOriented.......................................................................................................................275.3GoMobileStrategy.....................................................................................................................276. BusinessUseCases.............................................................................................................................28Appendix1Glossary..................................................................................................................................31References..................................................................................................................................................32RevisionHistory.......................................................................................................................................33Qtum,DefiningtheBlockchainEconomyPage4of33AbstractThe Qtum Blockchain “Qtum” is committed to develop an open source ecosystem for theblockchaincommunitydifferentfromthatofBitcoinandEthereum.ItutilizesaValueTransferProtocol “VTP” to achieve the transferring of value from peer to peer and to build up adecentralized application plat, which brings blockchain technology into the financialservices,InternetofThings“IoT”,supplychain management,socialmedia,gamingandotherindustries. Innovative technology, comprehensive governance structure and board applicationsgiveQtumadvantagesoverBitcoinandEthereumasapublicblockchain. From a technical point of view, the highly qualified Qtum development team brings inthetechnologyofidentity,OracleandDatafeeds,andiscommittedtoachievethefirstIPoS“Incentive Proof-of-Stake” Smart Contract plat, which is compatible with BitcoinImprovementProposalsBIPsbasedonUTXOmodel.Intermsofcompliance,Qtummeetstheregulatoryrequirementsfromdifferentindustries. In terms of governance, Qtum established the Qtum Blockchain Foundation“Foundation”,whichiscommittedtodeveloptheQtumBlockchain,toadvocategovernancetransparency,andtopromotesafetyandharmonyoftheopensourceecosystem.Inordertoensurethesustainability,management effectiveness,andfund-raisingsecurityoftheprojectin the open source community, the Foundation uses a governance model that considers thevariousdimensionsoftheproject,includingcodemanagement,financialmanagement,publicrelationsmanagement,andotherdimensionstooperateandtodealwithgeneral affairsandprivilegedoperations. Regarding the applications built on Qtum, they bring in the off-chain factors that areused in Decentralized Applications “DApp” and Smart Contracts to connect the real worldbusinesslogicwiththeblockchainworld.Bysupportingmultipleindustriesands,theapplications will follow the Go Mobile strategy. In Qtum’s open environment, we not onlysupportandpromotetheGoMobilestrategy,butalsoprovidemobileserviceswiththirdpartydevelopers,includingmobilewallets,mobileDAppstore,mobilesmartcontractapplications,etc. In addition, we encourage third party developers to join us and help develop mobileblockchainservicesforInternetusers.The Qtum Blockchain, as the most promising Blockchain ecosystem, perfectly combines theadvantagesofBitcoinandEthereumandaddressestheinherentproblemsofexistingblockchainsystems.Itwillcontinuetodevelopanditeratethroughthefoundationoftheplat,aswellasthroughtheproductsandpracticalbusinessimplementations.AnewkindofeconomymodewillbeedbytheBlockchainEconomytosignificantlyenhancetheefficiencyoftheindustries,aswellassocietyasawhole.Qtum,definingtheBlockchainEconomy.©QtumFoundation.Allrightsreserved.Qtum,DefiningtheBlockchainEconomyPage5of331. DesignConcept ofthe QtumBlockchain1.1TheBackgroundandSignificanceof BlockchainBeforetheemergenceoftheBitcoinnetwork,theTCP/IPprotocolhasbeenwidelyusedtotransmit ination globally. The development of interconnection technology e.g.,Internet, Internet of Things, and Virtual Reality/Augmented Reality have introducedmore diverse ways to interact among people, ination and objects and allowed moreentities to become digitalized and tokenized. However, ination sharing andtransmission is not enough to meet the development needs of the economic society. Aquestion has been increasingly raised and discussed by the public How can we transferdigitalassetsandvaluefrompeertopeerOn the 31st of October 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto announced the Bitcoin whitepaper titled“Bitcoin, A Peer to Peer Electronic Cash System” and introduced the Bitcoin network toestablishadecentralizedsystemofvaluetransfer.EveryparticipantintheBitcoinnetworkacts as a reviewer of transactions; the value transferred between two parties can becompletedwithoutestablishingatrustrelationship.Thistechnologyhaschangedthewayweobtainandsharueandhascreatedanewdecentralized,peer-to-peercommunity.In the past, we were not able to identify a solution to transfer assets and value frompeer-to-peer over the Internet without the involvement of third parties. The Bitcoinnetwork is the first P2P Value Transfer Protocol “VTP”. In this Qtum BlockchainwhitepaperweintroducethepracticalimplementationofaVTPovertheInternet.At present, with the development of blockchain technology, implementing blockchainapplicationsarenotlimitedtoBitcoinorEthereum.IntheQtumblockchain,weintegrateon-chainandoff-chaindatatoathirdblockchaincommunity,whichfurtherachievespeer-to-peervaluetransferbyutilizingQtum’sVTP.1.2WhyDoWeDesigntheQtumBlockchainSince Bitcoin published its source code in 2009, multiple altcoins and other blockchainprojects appeared in the community, including Ethereum, which aims to become auniversal plat for Smart Contacts and Decentralized Applications. However, theblockchain industry still faces many technical and implementation challenges. The mainissuesareasfollows1. LackofanewandmorecapableSmartContractplat. Thelackofinteractionswithreal world data has resulted in the limitations of implementing Bitcoin and Ethereumintoindustries;2. Compatibilityofdifferentblockchaintechnologies.Forexample,BitcoinisbasedontheUTXOmodel,whichisnotcompatiblewiththeEthereum’sAccountmodel;3. Inflexible consensus mechanism. Different participants in the public blockchains andconsortiumblockchainsrequiredifferenttypesofconsensusmechanism;Qtum,DefiningtheBlockchainEconomyPage6of334. Lack of industry compliance considerations. For example, existing blockchain systemsare not able to fully meet the regulatory requirements such as the Anti-MoneyLaundering“AML”andKnow-Your-Customer“KYC”inthefinancialindustry;5. Current blockchain systems operate as closed systems. At present, most of the SmartContractsaretriggered bythe blockchain system itself,lacking an interaction withtherealworld.Wehopetobuildanentirelynewblockchainecosystem,Qtum,asanalternativeoptionforVTP in the world and to move the ease of use of the entire blockchain industry one stepforward.Qtum is based on the UTXO model and uses the Ethereum Virtual Machine EVM toachieve the compatibility between Bitcoin and Ethereum for public blockchain. It utilizesOracleandDataFeeds,inconjunctionwiththelogicofregulation,tobridgetherealworldtotheblockchainworld.1.3TheQtumBlockchain DesignPrinciplesThe design principles of Qtum are mainly to solve the limitations and practicalimplementationproblemsofblockchaintechnology.Theprinciplesarelistedbelow1. CreateanentirelynewkindofsmartcontractcalledMasterContractthatcancuteacontacttriggeredbyoff-chainandon-chainfactors;2. Achievecompatibilitywithdifferentblockchaintechnologies;3. Allowindustryfocusedconsensusmechanismsforpublicblockchain;4. TakeregulationsintoconsiderationandprovideanIdentitymodule;5. InteractwiththerealworldbycutingMasterContractstriggeredbyoff-chains.Moreover,theQtumblockchainprovidesamodulardesignandusabilityconcept.Fortheconvenienceofdevelopmentandmaintenance,QtumisdividedintothreemodulesQtumTech,QtumUIandQtumBusiness.At last, we provide different versions of the Qtum system – even mobile services for alloperating systems and development requirements. We highly encourage third partydeveloperstoworkwithustofacilitatetheimplementationofblockchain technology thatwillbenefitmoreInternetusers.1.4VisionoftheQtumBlockchainQtumiscommittedtocreateagloballyinfluentialopensourcecommunitybycooperatingwithotherblockchaincommunities,third-partydevelopers,andtechnicalinnovations.Theultimate goal of Qtum is to bring blockchain technology into the finance, social media,gaming,InternetofThings“IoT”,andotherindustries.Qtumisacompatibleecosystem;Qtum,DefiningtheBlockchainEconomyPage7of33itutilizesOracleandDataFeeds,inconjunctionwiththelogicofregulation,tobridgetherealworldtotheblockchainworld.Technical innovationAsan opensourcecommunity,theQtumBlockchainhasbuiltaplat that is secure, reliable, and compatible with the Ethereum community and theBitcoin system. It also integrates on-chain and off-chain data through technical andconceptualinnovation.Sustainable developmentInordertorealizethesustainabledevelopmentoftheQtumBlockchain and to avoid the layered structure and differentiation of the underlyingstructure, the Qtum Foundation will govern the community by following the establishedrules and principles, including the management of general affairs, code, financial,compensation,scopeofprivilegedoperations,etc.Business application The Qtum Foundation will reference investment bankingpractices to per industry analysis and selections and to choose the appropriateindustriestoimplementQtumtechnology.EnterprisesontheQtumblockchainwillbeabletodevelopmoreapplicationsinordertoachievethesustainabledevelopmentofQtum.Business partners Through collaboration with business partners and integration ofresources from companies, businesses, technology communities and governments, theQtum Foundation will make the most efficient use of shared resources to achievesynergeticdevelopmentwithsociety.The foundation will provide transparency for financial management, code managementand business practices, and will maintain high standards of honesty, ethical businessconduct and compliance with applicable laws, rules, and regulations. An accounting firmhasbeenengagedtoprovidefinancialreportauditandcompliancemanagementservices.To further make the Qtum Blockchain a truly open source community, the QtumFoundation willeventually distribute80 ofthetotalQtumtokenstothecommunityforbusinessimplementations,marketingpromotionsandlinkagesbetweentherealworldandblockchain world. The remaining 20 tokens will be allocated to the co-founder team,earlybackers,consultants,anddevelopmentteam.The birth and the infancy stage of Qtum have been strongly supported by the foundingmembers,thedevelopmentteam,industryexperts,earlybackers,lawyersandprofessionalconsultants. We would like to thank the following people partial list below who havemadeextraordinarycontributionstothedevelopmentoftheQtumBlockchainEconomy.PatrickDaiCo-founder NeilMahiCo-founder JordanEarlsCo-founderAnthonyDiIorioBacker WeixingChenBacker JeremyGardnerBackerDavidLeeBacker BoShenBacker XuStarBackerXiaolaiLiBacker JehanChuBacker MingSunLegalAdvisorQtum,DefiningtheBlockchainEconomyPage8of332. Technical Characteristicsofthe Qtum Blockchain2.1IntroductiontotheQtumBlockchainQtum is committed to develop an open source blockchain community that is compatiblewith that of Bitcoin and Ethereum. Qtum’s development isindustry-implementation-oriented;itbringstheadvantagesofblockchaintechnologytoallusersfromvariousindustriesbydevelopingdecentralizedmobileapplications.Qtum pays more attention to the practical applications of smart contracts. It introducesOracle, Data feeds and an Identity Module from third parties to fulfill the compliancerequirementsfromtraditionalInternetenterprises,includingfinance,IoT,etc.In addition,Qtum focuses ondecentralizedapplication development.Together withthirdparty developers, Qtum aims to build the ecosystem community and to provide a greatnumberofdecentralizedapplic
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