DAT （Datum ）白皮书.pdf

White Paper V15Roger Haenni / rogerdatum.org24th June, 2017 - Updated 29th October, 2017WHITE PAPER V14IMPORTANT DISCLAIMERThere are risks and uncertainties associated with Datumand/or the Distributor and their respective businesses and operations, the DAT tokens, the DAT Initial Token Sale and the DatumApp each as referred to in this Whitepaper. You can find a description of the risk related to the Token Sale under the section Legal, which should be read carefully.This Whitepaper, any part thereof and any copy thereof must not be taken or transmitted to any country where distribution or dissemination of Token Sale or Initial Coin Offering like the one described in this Whitepaper is prohibited or restricted.The DAT tokens are not intended to constitute securities in any jurisdiction. DAT tokens are utility token and cannot have a perance or a particular value outside the Datum Plat. Therefore this Whitepaper cannot constitute a prospectus or offer document for investment in securities.This Whitepaper does not constitute or part of any opiniononany adviceto sell, or any solicitationof any offer by DatumNetworkGmbHtopurchaseany DAT tokens or give any help in any investment decision.You are not eligible and you are not to purchase any DAT tokens in the Datum TokenSaleasreferredtointhisWhitepaperifyouareacitizen,residenttaxor otherwise orgreencardholderof theUnitedStatesof Americaoraresident of the People’s Republic of China or South Korea.1WHITE PAPER V14datum noun1. singular of data2. a piece of ination2WHITE PAPER V14IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER 1cutive Summary 5Background 7Stakeholders 8Privacy 8Datum Client 9Open Data 10Data Consumers 11Use Cases 14Smart Contract 17Datum Artifact Structure 18Data Retention 19Project Roadmap 20DAT - The Datum Network Token 23DAT Token Crowdsale 23DAT Allocation Overview 24Datum Budget 25Datum Foundation Governance 26User Growth 26Conclusion 27Team 28Advisory Board 30Acknowledgements 31Contact 31The Datum Token, Legal and Crowdsale 323WHITE PAPER V14General ination 32Knowledge required 32Risks 33Important disclaimer 33Representation and warranties 35Governing law and arbitration 364WHITE PAPER V14cutive SummaryAbstract TheDatumnetworkallowsanyonetostorestructureddatasecurelyin a decentralized way on a smart contract blockchain. The DAT smart token enables optional selling and buying of stored data while enforcing data usage rules as set by the data owner.Every day wecreate2.5Quintillionbytesof data, and90of theworld’sdatatoday has been created in the last 2yearsalone. Datastoredgrows4x faster thanthe world economy and contributes to a substantial shift in economic power and source of economic value.A lot of thisdataiscreatedby individualsor organizations; browsingtheinternet, interacting on social networks, uploading personal files, syncing devices and shopping online. This data is owned and stored by largeprivateorganizationsin huge data silos where it is susceptible to selling, tampering, extractionandother exploitation. The originator of the data mostly loses control over its data when signinguptovariousservicessuchasFacebook, Google, Instagram, Snap, Twitter etc., that offer ‘free’ services in exchange for exploitation of data, e.g. Google’s Gmail service reading emails and showing targeted ads as a result.Datumproposesanetworkrunonasecuresmartcontractblockchainthatallows all of its users to retake control of their data, not just the personal and habitual data they produce every day, but also data from the IoT devices that they control.1Datum encompasses the following key elementsAfast decentralized data storeallowinguserstostorestructureddatasecurely running on a smart contract blockchainThe DAT token enabling this data storage and sharingThe data marketplace, enabling individuals to monetize their data on their termsDatum leverages BigchainDB and IPFS to provide an infinitely scalable, decentralized data storage backend.Data storage and data sharing is paid for by the DAT token.1 https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_things5WHITE PAPER V14The Datumnetwork will consist outof 3 Billion DAT tokens, with 1.53 billion DAT tokens available in a public token crowdsale.The Datum network aims to provide entities such as researchers, companies or individuals the most efficient and frictionless access to data whilerespectingthe data owner’s terms and conditions. By becoming a dominant data marketplace, Datum aims to revolutionize the existing data market where data creators are rarely paid for the data and the monetization happens by middlemenwhodonot add any value.The Datumnetwork will support initiativesthat aimtoincreasecontrol of databy their sources e.g. individuals. We aimto work towards a future where data is first andforemost ownedby their creator e.g. anindividual postinganimage and where the creator can choose to share, monetize or destroy this data based on their own purview.This is in stark contrast with current data silos which collect vast amounts of humanitiesdataunder restrictivelicensingterms, e.g. anindividual givingupmost rightstotheir imagewhenpostingitonInstagram. Wefeel thatlegislationinmany regions is being worked on towards giving back more control of user datatothe users themselves and feel the Datumnetwork is an important facilitator and technical solution for such a future.The Datum network aims to disrupt current data broker model by giving more direct and better valueaccess to users data. This in turn empowers users by 2regaining control of howtheir datagetsusedandshared. Usersareincentivized to use the Datum network for data storage not only by privacy but also by monetization incentives. The more users using the Datumnetwork the more powerful the momentumbecomes, eventually users are abletoinsist that datais stored and handled through the Datum network.Datumcan be thought of as a decentralized version of Apple’s HealthKit, but for any type of data instead of just healthcare data. HealthKit has led to a massive openingof databyparticipatingapps, howeveritisstoredwithacentralizedentity, Apple Inc., and is only available within Apple’s ecosystem. We expect to see the 2 https//hbr.org/2017/10/smart-ledgers-can-help-us-reclaim-control-of-our-personal-data6WHITE PAPER V14same rapid adoption effect with the Datum network once it gains critical momentum. Datum network is being built to enable the of multiple types of data, and allow user control of the said data types.BackgroundWe live in a knowledge economy where data is a strategic asset that allows companies to acquire andmaintaintheir competitiveedge. Thueof rawdata varies froma hundred cents to over several hundred dollars per individual. The moreit isenriched, analyzedandleveragedforspecializeduses, themoreitsvalue increases.Despitethelarge-scalemonetizationof personal andbusinessdata, theonlyplayer in the chain that is currently not getting paid is paradoxically the individual him/her/itself - who happens to be the source of harvested data.Your personal or corporatedataisworthalotof money. Facebook, Googleandco. all happilycollectdatainreturnfornothing. Thisisthechancetogainbackcontrol of your data and determine if and when you want to sell it or share it.There is a quote which most certainly define the world we all live in today“If you are not paying for the product, you are the product.” - Andrew Lewis, 2010.The Datumnetwork model could provideabasicincomefor everyoneby allowing them to monetize their anonymized data.Asuser of Facebook, Google, LinkedIn, Twitter, Yahooandsimilar services- every year youcreateanexcessof US2,000, createddirectly fromyourpersonal data alone. For corporate entities, the value is even greater. This is only the value represented by data ineachof these“datasilos”, whenyouconnect thisdata, the richer and wider the ination, the more money it is worth.What if youcouldmonetizethisdatayourself, decidingyourself howmuchyouare willing to share in return for rewards and new opportunities.7WHITE PAPER V14There is already a worldwide data market enabled by variousdata brokers that collect all typesof personal datafromvariousdatabases, Datumisthesecureand decentralized alternative. 3StakeholdersUsers data. Datacanbepersonal orbusinessdataandcollectionsthereof ordata from IOT devices and any other data source.Storage NodesProvide compute power and storage capacity to store data in the de-centralized network. Storage Nodes are part of theBigchainDBcluster that allowsDatumto provide global scale storage of ted data.Data ConsumersAny entity wishingtoaccessdata. Userscangrantdataundertheirpreciseterms, either for free or for a fee.DAT Token HoldersGovern the Datum network and provide the “fuel” enabling transactions on the Datum network.Datum focuses on empowering the users the source of data.DatumisOpenSourceandFreetoparticipate. Feesarepaidtostoredata, access stored data and rewards are paid out for ting data.PrivacyEach piece of data in the Datumnetwork is marked with usage terms duringthe encryption. This way the user the source of the data can control in what way their data istobesharedandusedby others. Theusagetermsarecontrolledby the DAT token smart contract.3 https// PAPER V14Usershavefull control over privacy settingsandcanfinetunewithwhomtoshare data1. Share disabled2. Share with specific, identified and known data consumers3. Share with specific, identified and known data consumers for a minimum fee4. Share with everyone5. Share with everyone for a minimum feeDatum ClientTheDatumClientempowersuserstotake control of all their data and optionally share or sell their data through the Datum network.The DatumClient is being designed for a large number of variousplats such as mobile and desktop. We are also designing support for embedded device plats used in IoT devices, electric cars etc. to unlock the value of such device data.In the first phasethedatumclient will be offered as mobile app for iOS and Android.Focusing on the following key development goals● Overview of stored data● Overview of DAT token holdings● Simple privacy controls● Detailed data access reports● Focused on end user adoption9WHITE PAPER V14Full Transparency means users can inspect the data that is being transmittedat any time.Traceable Access Users can trace who accessed their data at any time.Open DataTo allowhumanitarianandother legitimateprojectsaccesstothedata, thesecan register asprojects. Theuser clientsshowscurrentlyrunningprojectsrequesting data access and users can control whether to give access or not based ontheir decision.An example could ination from digital health devices to medical institutions and researchers, or IoT devices in case of accidents such as natural disasters.Datum - The Data NetworkDatum solves the following key problems. By focusing on data represented as key/value pairs, Datum ensures that availability, latency and query-ability/searchability are preserved and incentivized/rewarded.All data is encrypted and protected using AES256-GCMwith 256-bit key size for every 128-bit block, ensuring data integrity.1. Data Storagea. Decentralized Not controlled by any single partyb. Secure Encrypted at source and immutablec. Peranti. Latencyii. Throughputd. Functionally Richi. Able to query dataii. Able to search data2. Marketplacea. Request datab. Bid for datac. Sell data10WHITE PAPER V14User SpecsThe user source of data is looking to solve the following criterias1. Secure Data is encrypted at source2. Tamper Proof Data is immutable3. Unlock value Data can be monetized4. Storage Decentralized storage5. Privacy Data is stored anonymously6. Control User stays in control of critical points such asa. Life of datab. Detail of datac. Future use of dataData ConsumersDataConsumerscanrequest for data. Ultimately, it isdowntoindividual network users to grant access to data. The credibility of dataconsumersisanimportant aspect. As such data consumers should be incentivized to build a trusted track record in handling data responsibly.TheDatumnetworkputsgreat importanceon“KnowyourConsumer”. Whilethere